Health is a direct source of human welfare and also an instrument for raising income levels. The authors discuss a number of mechanisms through which health can affect income, focusing on worker ...

Global income inequality captures income differences among all individuals around the world. Global inequality around the world increased from 1820 to 1990 as incomes in richer countries grew faster ...

Buildings in Pakistan account for over 43.7 percent of the country’s total energy use and represent a significant opportunity for energy efficiency and conservation. The high energy consumption in ...

Central Asia and Kazakhstan face severe climate challenges from land degradation and desertification, fueled by sand and dust storms, soil erosion, and biodiversity loss. The Greenway to Konaev Pilot ...

Since 1991 and the collapse of the Siad Barre regime, Somalia has experienced cycles of conflict and fragility that ...

Somalia’s accession to the East African Community (EAC) presents a transformative opportunity to accelerate its economic ...

The steel industry in Pakistan includes both large firms in the organized sector and smaller manufacturers operating in the informal economy; however, the largest 20 companies cater to 80 percent of ...

The paper takes stock of the growing quantitative literature on outcomes for the forcibly displaced in low- and middle-income countries, where 85 percent of refugees and nearly all internally ...